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TUNNEL DESIGN & PRACTICES
Introduction
This course includes Design methods, Rock support design criterions, calculations, and rock support design practices used in tunnel construction.
Attending this course will enable the students to understand:ย
- Design Methods
- Rock support design criterions
- Design and analysis of underground structures in Swelling and Squeezing Rocks
- Underground structures through Seismic zones and Water control
what you will learn
Design Methods
- Functional requirements
- Loading
- Terzaghi’s rock load
- Empirical design method, “The Q System”
- Empirical design, rock structure rating
- Empirical design, rock mechanics rating
- Evaluation of empirical design approaches
- NATM method
- Discontinuity analysis method
- Numerical methods
Rock support design criterions
- Rock Reinforcement
- Split set
- Swellex bolts
- Cable bolts
- Yieldable and flexible rock bolts
- Parameters of design
- Design of rock reinforcement
- Pullout test
Underground structures in Rock
- Design of indeterminate structures
- Shaft
- Cavern
- Pressure tunnels and shafts
- Intersections
- Multiple tunnels
- Very large structures
Design and analysis of underground structures in Swelling and Squeezing Rocks
- Definition of swelling and squeezing mechanism
- Laboratory testing for swelling and squeezing
- Empirical and analytical methods for tunnels in swelling and squeezing rock
- Design and construction of tunnels in swelling and squeezing ground
Underground structures in Rock burst zones
- Burst mechanism
- Detection of rock burst-prone areas
- Precautions before loading
- Primer preparation
- Borehole loading
- Shot firing
- Disposing of misfires
- ย
Underground structures through Seismic zones
- Seismic characteristics
- Effect of ground motion on underground structures
- Liquefaction of soils
- Seismic design of underground structures
- Analysis of underground structures
- Available numerical models
- Rules of thumb for ventilation requirements
- Modes of air replenishment
Shotcrete for Support of Underground openings
- Introduction
- Rock loads
- Shotcrete design
- Steel-fiber-reinforced shotcrete and micro silica
- Practical shot-creting
- Case history
- Cost study
Water Control
- Introduction
- Water control during construction
- Minimizing and controlling water infiltration into completed tunnels